Women are sometimes afraid to do upper body strength
training out of fear that they'll develop big muscles and look
like the women body builders in muscle magazines. Not to worry!
Even women who have the genetic capability to develop a body
builder's physique need to devote many, many hours daily, working
with very heavy weights, in order to "bulk up."
Two or three upper body workouts
a week using up to 12- to 15-pound weights will help most women
develop shapely shoulders, toned arms and most important, a stronger
upper back and better posture. Increased upper body strength
makes lifting heavy items, unscrewing jar lids, doing household
chores, moving furniture, carrying heavy loads and gardening
easier. Feeling stronger in these everyday activities gives you
a mental boost too.
You can improve your upper
body fitness for your sport by including upper body strength
training in your crosstraining workouts. If you're already dedicated
to getting aerobic exercise outdoors by running, cycling, or
walking, cross train with upper body toning workouts to balance
out your exercise program. If you have a lower body injury and
can't do standing exercises, continue your strength training
program by doing seated upper body workouts. If your workout
schedule is such that you must work out two days in a row, use
weights both days by splitting up your routines: concentrate
on upper body toning one day and lower body the next. If you're
advanced and want to work your upper body two days in a row,
you can focus on pushing muscles (chest, triceps and front shoulder)
for one workout and pulling muscles (back, biceps and rear shoulder)
for the next.
A balanced upper body workout
should equalize exercises between opposing muscle groups. Chest
(pecs) exercises should be balanced with upper and mid back (lats,
traps, rhomboids) exercises. The front of the upper arm (biceps)
and back of the upper arm (triceps) should get equal time. And
all areas of the shoulders (delts), front (anterior), top (medial),
and rear (posterior) should be called into action. Some videos
may include exercises for the wrists and forearms.
If you use these upper body
workouts as add-ons to other video workouts you can skip the
warm-ups. If you use them as stand alone workouts be sure to
do the warm-ups and final stretches. I've limited this selection
of reviews to videos that focus on upper body toning only, no
aerobics, although a few videos do include some ab exercises.
The reviews below are condensed versions
of the full reviews which are available on my membership website
Video Fitness Training which has hundreds of comprehensive
reviews, each includeing a detailed breakdown of the workout
as well as MOPS -- Modifications (to adjust individual exercises to your
fitness level), Options (how to make certain exercises easier/harder),
Pointers (for performing the exercises safely) and Strategy for using the workout for best results.
You can preview a sample of an in-depth review at this site's Review of the Week,
or take a Free Tour at Video
Fitness Training.
Arms and Abs of Steel 2 (1994) 45 minutes; beginner, intermediate; upper body &
ab toning
gear: dumbbells, floor mat
This four-segment
toning video is an excellent introduction to strength training.
By learning the three upper body routines one by one, beginners
can master a variety of positions for basic upper body exercises
without being overwhelmed. Intermediates can do all three upper
body workouts back-to-back for intensity with variety. Leisa
Hart (my vote for the best "Steel" instructor) teaches
each exercise slowly and carefully. In her sincere, friendly
style she clearly cues breathing, body positioning and lifting
tempo (although the music sometimes overpowers her soft voice).
All levels can learn a lot from her close attention to correct
form. Each 7-minute routine of upper body toning teaches six
different exercises and uses a different position: standing,
kneeling and lying face up on the mat. Leisa explains each new
exercise thoroughly and demonstrates a rep in slow motion before
you join in. In the first routine you do 16-rep sets while standing.
The second routine introduces six kneeling exercises and uses
8-rep sets. Your arms get a break next with a 13-minute ab routine.
Leisa carefully explains how to find and hold "neutral position"
while doing abdominal exercises. Beginners may find this section
tricky at first because basic ab crunches are combined into choreographed
routines-nice variety, but harder to follow than standard crunches.
In the final routine you work the upper body muscles from yet
another angle with a new group of exercises. These short upper
body routines are easy "add-ons" to aerobic workouts.
They let new strength trainers break in slowly with first-class
instruction.
Claudia Schiffer Perfectly Fit Arms
(1995)
37 minutes; (advanced) intermediate; upper body toning
gear: chair, dumbbells, floor mat
This
workout from Claudia's four-part Perfectly Fit series should
be called "Perfectly Fit Shoulders, Chest & Triceps"
because the biceps and back muscles (crucial for good posture)
are virtually ignored. Kathy Kaehler, an experienced trainer,
introduces and demonstrates each exercise in a small on-screen
inset before Claudia begins the sets. Kathy continues to instruct
and count reps in voice-overs while Claudia performs. Kathy speaks
so softly that at times you wonder if she trying to do subliminal
instruction. Claudia does her workouts on a rooftop in Prague,
on a sunny beach in St. Barts and in a warm, sunlit studio. As
the video cuts from one location to another, you're visually
stimulated by the flashy editing and on-screen graphics, but
you begin to wonder if Claudia is doing as many sets back-to-back
as you are. In the workout the five toning segments are separated
by sets of push-ups. Each segment alternates two different exercises
for 3 sets of 10 or 15 reps each. The shoulders get 15 sets,
chest 10, triceps 9, biceps 3 and upper back none (unless you
count the 3 rear shoulder flies). Although Kathy demonstrates
correct form in the insets that are occasionally flashed on-screen,
Claudia doesn't always do the same. (She "snaps" her
arms during the push-ups and triceps extension--very tough on
the elbow joint.) Her lifting tempo is fast and jerky, not smooth
and controlled. If you're an experienced strength trainer looking
for a vacation atmosphere, use this workout (with some modifications)
to overload the shoulders and pushing muscles. But balance it
with a back and biceps workout. For a well-balanced upper body
challenge, try Cathe Friedrich's Pure Strength series.
Cory Everson Get Hard Arms and Shoulders
(1994) 30 minutes; advanced; upper body toning
gear: barbell, dumbbells, chair or bench, floor mat
This workout delivers
what the cover promises -- a challenging program to build muscle
and shape your shoulders and arms. Although the cover says this
muscle strength and endurance building workout is for all fitness
levels "from serious athletes to weekend warriors,"
it's really designed for experienced strength trainers, not beginners.
The workout is divided into three sections: 12 sets for shoulders,
9 for biceps and 6 for forearms, and 12 for triceps. In each
section a 3-set "strength" routine comes first, followed
by dumbbell "sculpting" sets for muscle endurance.
All sets are 12 reps. Strength training convention says the way
to build strength is to use heavy weights for short sets and
allow recovery time between sets. The heavy barbell "strength
building" sets here have less than 10 seconds of rest between
them. The non-stop sculpting sets flow together with no rest
at all. The 1-up, 1-down tempo of all reps is quite fast. This
workout feels rushed. There's barely enough time to change weights
or take a new position between exercises. Cory spends a lot of
time chatting about how great you're going to look and not enough
time teaching correct form and alignment. And, as intense and
strenuous as this workout is, it's still not a complete upper
body program. You need to balance this with another workout for
the chest and upper back.
Crunch Best Arms & Abs (1996) 33 minutes; intermediate; upper body and ab toning
gear: dumbbells, floor mat
The usual Crunch
class of young, toned women whoop and groan as they use 3-pound
dumbbells for this compact choreographed toning workout. Arms
and abs are alternated for four six-minute routines to deliver
what the cover promises-- ab crunches and shoulder and arm work.
But, it is not a well-balanced upper body workout. The chest
gets just one set and the upper back is ignored altogether, while
the triceps get the equivalent of 10 sets, the shoulders 8 sets,
and biceps just 3 sets. In the first segment arm and shoulder
exercises are alternated, or combined within a set, as you do
lower body moves too. These combo exercises are best used to
build muscle endurance, so light weights should be used. For
some sets a pulsing mini-squat is done in time to the music as
you lift. This lower body movement can confusing to coordinate
and is minimally effective for leg toning. You're better off
focusing on the arm muscles and skipping the lower body moves.
The last three segments are done on the floor, starting with
the first ab routine. A unique ab exercise here includes a foot
slide, pelvic tilt and two upper crunches. The second upper body
routine includes the only chest exercise, then works the triceps
and biceps on the floor. The second six-minute ab routine concentrates
on standard crunches. Although I like choreographed strength
training workouts, this one doesn't get into my workout rotation
unless I want to focus on my shoulders and triceps and I'm in
the mood for the Crunch's unique style.
FIRM Parts: Upper Body (1993) 39 minutes; advanced; upper body toning
gear: dumbbells, chair, floor mat
Compiled from five of the FIRM
Classic workouts, this well-balanced, fast-moving workout demonstrates
excellent form but with minimal instruction, so it's not for
beginners. It's not for intermediates either; thirty-eight sets
of upper body exercises in thirty minutes call for an advanced
weight trainer. So, if you know how to use weights, get ready
for a tough workout. DePrise Brescia, your host trainer, sets
you in each starting position and suggests weights for the upcoming
exercises. This short breather between sets lets you change weights
and get into position without stopping the tape. The first toning
routine uses light dumbbells as a warm-up for heavier weights
to follow. From this point, the FIRM instructors, the exercises
and the weights are always changing.
Unlike a standard gym-style strength training format, this
choreographed (and well-edited) workout rarely works the same
muscles back-to-back, so they get plenty of recovery time. With
such a variety of exercises you don't get bored. Body positions
and weights change often, and lower body movements are added
to some sets. The front and medial delts get nine sets. Nine
sets for the chest are balanced with eight sets for the upper
and mid back. There's a slight imbalance in the arm exercises:
only four sets for biceps, while the triceps get eight. (However,
if you're a FIRM Believer, you work the biceps so often in other
FIRM workouts that they deserve a rest here.) Great editing propels
this workout along. If you do this workout regularly with the
weights recommended you should notice upper body muscle definition
and strength gains in a short time.
For Women Only Upper Body: Tamilee
Webb (1994) 29 minutes; intermediate; upper body toning
gear: step or chair, dumbbells, mat
Tamilee's introduction
of Pepper and his trainer pals, as they posed around her before
the workout began, had me a bit worried. When Pepper arrived
on stage for the warm-up shirtless and with his overall bib hanging
down to his knees, I wondered if I'd be able to make it through
the next half hour. Not to worry! This workout is a kick! I'm
not a hip hop fan, but this music has a wonderful beat for weight
lifting. Pepper lifts with a slow, steady tempo, right on the
beat. He includes a tiny pause at the top of each lift and demos
great lifting technique. This tempo and the short 8- or 12-rep
sets are great for building strength. You can certainly progress
to heavier weights with this workout. Pepper's teaching style
is mellow and relaxed. Except for the warm-up and hip hop lesson
with Tamilee, you're one-on-one with Pepper. He's always playfully
encouraging, complimenting, singing along, or instructing and
yet never goofs with the rep count or cuing. The workout begins
with 5 sets for the chest and 3 for the upper and mid back. After
Tamilee gets a two-minute hip hop dance lesson, it's back to
strength training: six sets for biceps, two for triceps, seven
sets of shoulder exercises and one more for the back. This workout
is well-designed, pretty well-balanced and moves along at a good
pace. It has growth potential and can be a fun addition to weight
training workouts. Pepper's camera presence won't appeal to everyone,
but if you get a chance to rent this video you can play along
with him and have some fun lifting weights. Try it once! This
is out of print...but you may find it used.
Gilad - QuickFit Chest & Back (2001) 16 minutes; intermediate, advanced; upper body toning
gear: dumbbells, floor mat
In "body pump" style,
Gilad works the back and chest with a variety of exercises and
back-to-back sets without a break. However, instead of pumping
a barbell he uses dumbbells which allows him to make small changes
in hand positions or to add wrist rotation to certain lifts.
Lifting tempos change frequently during the long 16 to 30 rep
sets, so if you want to keep up with Gilad you'll probably have
to stick to lighter weights, especially when wrist rotation is
involved. As is the case in all four workouts in this QuickFit
series, the warm-up and final stretch are pretty skimpy. Do this
workout before Shoulders & Arms for a complete upper body
workout.
The first 6 minutes are devoted to three variations of lat
rows. First you row with both arms, palms facing each other,
next with palms facing up. Last you do one-arm rows, holding
both weights or one heavier weight. After a quick stretch, Gilad
moves to the floor to work the chest for 5.5 minutes. He starts
with standard chest presses (elbows wide to the side, palms facing
the feet) at three different tempos. He then adds a rotation
to the press, so that your palms turn to face your head at the
top of the lift. Next he does an unusual chest fly variation
where you hold your arms out wide and rotate your hands inward
just a few inches while squeezing your chest muscles. He then
rolls over for a quick set of push-ups.
The workout ends with two kneeling exercises, first Gilad
targets the upper back again with a long set of straight arm
lifts to the rear. One final set for the chest uses an unusual
chest fly where Gilad holds the dumbbells below waist level and
slightly to the side and brings them a few inches closer together
by squeezing the chest muscles. He stands up for a couple of
stretches and your workout on the beach is done.
Add this to the other Quick Fit Workouts for total body toning:
Shoulders & Arms, Hips,
Thighs & Buns, Abs.
Note: Of the four workouts, this one has the poorest picture
quality. While the Hips, Thighs & Buns and the Shoulders
& Arms show gorgeous blue sky and water behind Gilad and
his crew, the Chest & Back and the Abs videos often have
a washed out look. At times all you can see are Gilad and his
crew surrounded by white glare. The sun is different in each
video too, sometimes causing unflattering shadows. To me, it
looks like the four videos were taped on the same day. As the
day progressed clouds rolled in, causing the intense blue sky
and water background to turn white.
Gilad - QuickFit Shoulders & Arms (2001) 19 minutes; intermediate; upper body toning
gear: dumbbells, floor mat
All deltoid muscles, as well
as biceps and triceps, get the "body pump" treatment
from Gilad this time. Once again he uses dumbbells rather than
a barbell to allow for a larger variety of exercises. He also
changes lifting tempos frequently during the long 12-16 rep sets
and uses many long-lever lifts, so again you'll probably want
to use lighter weights. Again the warm-up and final stretch are
pretty skimpy. Do this workout after Chest & Back for a complete
upper body workout.
Eight minutes of shoulder exercises start with shoulder rolls.
Gilad then attacks the shoulder from all angles with a rotator
cuff exercise, alternating front raises, rear shoulder lifts,
lateral raises, front raises with both arms, an Arnold press
(overhead press while rotating the weights), and rear shoulder
flies. Luckily Gilad does a short set of shoulder rolls in between
each exercise during this long super set. Although he recommends
staying with your light weights for only the first three exercises,
you may find you need to use them for the whole segment.
The biceps segment can be a "burner." For the 3.5
minutes that you're curling you're also changing tempo, adding
forearm rotations, changing the angle that you're holding your
arms, or doing half reps. Sometimes you use both arms, sometimes
you alternate, but by the end you're happy to stretch out your
biceps and forearms. Now, it's down to the floor for 4.5 minutes
of triceps. First lying face-up for double-arm triceps extensions
and narrow-grip chest presses. Next you kneel for overhead triceps
extensions and finally do a set of triceps dips on the floor.
A newcomer to strength
training won't find a much better introduction to upper body
toning with dumbbells than this workout. Karen's personal training
session provides frequent postural tips and excellent exercise
execution. Her precise instruction, pace of lifting, verbal counting
and constant cuing make the upper body toning very easy for a
beginner to follow (even without looking at the screen). The
upper body workout starts with five seated exercises for the
back and shoulders. Five for the chest and triceps are done lying
on the step. Seated on the edge of the step again, Karen finishes
with biceps and rotator cuff exercises and a thorough upper body
stretch. Only one set of eight to twelve reps is performed for
each exercise so beginners can start with one to three pounds
and get a good strength training foundation. The ab section begins
with "abdominal anchoring" exercises similar to those
previewed in the introduction. A variety of ab crunches are done
at a slow tempo for over 12 minutes. Three lower back exercises
finish off this workout-- a welcome bonus, as the lower back
is often neglected in video workouts. This ab section is quite
intense. Beginners should take it easy. Your abs will burn if
you try to do every rep. Break the ab section into two workouts;
each will still be a challenge. Karen is quite talkative, but
it's always about the exercises and correct form; she's not into
idle chatter. Some may find her too serious, but she knows her
stuff, and she works at a great pace for strength gains.
Kathy Smith Secrets of a Great Body:
Upper Body Workout (1993) 43 minutes; beginner, intermediate; upper body, lower
back & abs toning
gear: chair, dumbbells, floor mat, towel
Kathy leads a small class through
a complete upper body sculpting workout followed by ab and lower
back exercises. This is a great introduction to upper body weight
training because a few reps of each exercise are performed in
a close-up, with Kathy's voice-over instruction, before the class
starts the set. Excellent form is demonstrated and the sets use
a slow steady lifting tempo, allowing you to advance to heavier
weights and grow with the tape. Despite these positives, there
are a few drawbacks to the workout format for a beginner. Performing
multiple sets non-stop for one muscle group is an advanced technique
called super setting. In this workout four sets each are performed
back-to-back for the chest, back and triceps. The shoulders get
six sets and the biceps get two. Doing so many sets without a
break is too much for a beginner.
The upper body workout is followed by five sets of basic ab
exercises and one set for the lower back. Poor video editing
is another weakness of this tape. Many sets begin too abruptly
because the return from the demo reps often catches Kathy halfway
through the first rep of the set. (To fix this, do the demo rep
and catch up with Kathy on the second rep.) Occasionally, there's
not enough time between sets to get fully set in a the new starting
position or to change weights, so keep your remote control handy.
Also, while the number of reps is flashed on the screen at the
start of each set, Kathy doesn't count these reps aloud or cue
the lifting tempo, and the background music doesn't have a firm
beat to follow. Unless you constantly watch the screen, you get
out of sync with the class. This can be particularly frustrating
when you should keep looking down at the floor to stay in proper
position. Despite these negatives, this is a good instructional
video. So beginners, start with just one set of each exercise
and very light dumbbells and adjust as needed.
On Kathy's Super Slimdown Circuit DVD along with Secrets
to a Great Lower Body and Peak Fat Burning (a cardio
interval workout).
Men of Steel Series: Arms of Steel (1994) 41 minutes; advanced; upper body toning
gear: dumbbells, chair
Not for men only! Many women
will like this one-on-one strength training workout. It's a concentrated
upper body workout with basic exercises, some unusual variations
and plenty of intensity. Gilad is an excellent, motivating instructor.
He gets down to business and is encouraging in a subdued, sincere
way. The warm-up focuses on the upper body with minimal footwork
(an aspect that the choreographically challenged will appreciate).
For most exercises Gilad varies the tempo of lifting three times
within each set, but he cues well and counts aloud, never missing
a beat, making these variations very easy to follow. He also
tells you what weight he's using, and suggests when to go heavier
or lighter based on the exercise.
The chest, shoulders, triceps, biceps, forearms and back are
worked separately in super sets of various lengths. Then five
arm and shoulder exercises are combined into one routine and
repeated many times (similar to the upper body blitz in Gilad's
Step and Sculpt). Three sets of push-ups end the workout.
More than half the toning time is spent on the biceps and triceps.
The upper back gets shorted with just one set (advanced could
make some adjustments to the standing chest presses to balance
this out). The workout moves along at a good pace. You have plenty
of time to change weights when Gilad does, but there's no downtime.
It's a good change of pace for experienced strength trainers
of both sexes.
Quick Toning Arms and Abs of Steel (1994) 16, 16, 16 minutes; beginner; upper body & ab
toning
gear: dumbbells, chair, floor mat
Three 16-minute stand-alone
workouts focus on the triceps, biceps, shoulders and abs for
"quick toning." Each workout has a different three-minute
warm-up. Workout 1 has the longest upper body routine with five
different standing exercises, mostly in sets of 12 reps. It also
has the shortest ab routine: five sets of 8 reps each. In Workout
2, three seated exercises for biceps, triceps and shoulders are
done one arm at a time, 12 reps to a set. Four sets are done
for the abs. In Workout 3 the upper body exercises are done standing
again. Biceps and triceps get two sets each, shoulders get three.
This time sets are eight reps. Although Tamilee talks a lot during
this workout, she never loses track of the rep count. Her one-on-one
instruction is entertaining and motivating. She instructs thoroughly,
naming each exercise and the working muscles, cuing correct body
position and demonstrating good form. With short sets and a slow
pace, it's possible to work on building strength along with muscle
tone with this workout. However, these workouts don't tone the
entire upper body-- the back gets only one exercise and the chest
none. Another drawback is that some of the combo exercises can
be hard on the shoulder joints, so light weights are advisable.
(Note: This workout is much better than Tamilee's first Arms
and Abs of Steel in both video production and exercise selection.
The early "Steel" tapes have been renamed "Classics."
Remember: read the small print on flashy new covers when you
shop for "new" video workouts. You may discover an
old copyright date or the original title!)
Reebok Strong Arms (1995) 49 minutes; intermediate; upper body toning
gear: dumbbells, chair, floor mat (optional)
This three-part
upper body workout can be done sequentially in one sitting or
separately over a few days. Each segment works all the upper
body muscles with different exercises in a different order. However,
there is only one warm-up and final stretch, so if the workouts
are done separately, you need to warm up on your own. Workout
One introduces five basic exercises for the chest, back, triceps,
biceps and shoulders. A slow 2-up, 2-down tempo is used in this
six-minute section so this is your chance to use your heaviest
dumbbells. After an opening set of push-ups, Workout Two introduces
four new seated exercises for the back, biceps, shoulders and
triceps. In this six-minute section Petra introduces variations
in the speed of the reps. However, these subtle changes in tempo
are not cued well. Just when you think you have the rhythm, the
lifting or lowering tempo changes. Very frustrating. Workout
Three begins with twelve-rep sets of six different standing exercises.
Then two combinations are built: one for the shoulders, chest
and biceps; the other for the back, triceps and rear shoulder.
Each combination is performed twice at a slow tempo and then
four more times at a faster tempo. Petra does a good job of teaching
about correct posture, lifting technique and breathing during
each exercise. However poor camera work, flashy editing and the
tempo changes within the sets make the workout hard to follow
at times.
Tamilee Webb - I Want Those Arms (2001) 15, 15 minutes; beginner, intermediate, advanced;
upper body toning
gear: dumbbells, chair
If you want to put extra emphasis
on your arms and shoulders for sleeveless tops or to build upper
body strength for a trapeze class or rock climbing, Tamilee has
designed two workouts that will add some strength and build muscle
endurance. The circuit training format lets beginners start with
Program1 and gradually add more sets as they gain strength and
then move on to harder exercises in Program 2 as they gain experience.
The circuit training format also allows some muscles to rest
while others are working, so intermediates and advanced can do
both Programs back to back if they're feeling particularly strong,
have extra time or are training for a special event. The only
drawback is the lack of exercises for the chest and back, so
if you're looking for a total upper body workout, you're going
to need to supplement both of these with strength exercises like
rows and push-ups.
In Program 1 Tamilee introduces seven standard strength training
exercises that are appropriate for all levels, although beginners
may need to work up to doing all three rounds (20 sets) straight
through. After alternating shoulders (lateral raises, upright
rows) with biceps (slow curls and alternating curls) for four
sets Tamilee then hits the triceps hard with three back-to-back
exercises (one-arm kickbacks, overhead French press and a unusual
elbow squeeze). These seven exercises get 12 reps each in the
first and second rounds and 8 reps in the third round. Except
for a few sets of slow-paced biceps curls, the lifting pace is
up-to-tempo (1-up, 1-down) so lighter weights work best unless
you want to slow down and go at your own pace.
In Program 2 Tamilee introduces seven new exercises that offer
more of a challenge. You'll sit on a chair to work shoulders
with overhead presses and rear flies, biceps with "wide"
curls and "concentration" curls, and both together
with a reverse biceps curl/overhead press combo. Body weight
is used to challenge the triceps during dips (off the edge of
your chair) and one-armed pushups (while lying on your side on
the floor). You'll do two rounds of 12-rep sets this time.